AWARENESS

What Men Should Know About Colorectal Cancer

Understanding Colorectal Cancer 

Colorectal cancer develops in the colon or rectum, parts of the large intestine responsible for processing and eliminating waste. It's often referred to as colon or rectal cancer, depending on its origin, but both share similar characteristics and are commonly grouped together.  

How It Begins 

Most colorectal cancers start as polyps, which are small growths on the inner lining of the colon or rectum. While not all polyps become cancerous, certain types can develop into cancer over time. Factors increasing the likelihood of a polyp turning cancerous include: 

  • Size: Polyps larger than 1 cm. 

  • Number: Having more than three polyps. 

  • Histology: Presence of dysplasia (abnormal cells) in the polyp.  

Progression and Spread 

If a cancerous polyp isn't removed, cancer can grow into the wall of the colon or rectum and potentially spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant organs through blood and lymph vessels. The extent of spread determines the cancer's stage, influencing treatment options and prognosis.cancer.org 

Types of Colorectal Cancer 

The majority of colorectal cancers are adenocarcinomas, originating from mucus-producing cells lining the colon and rectum. Other, less common types include: 

  • Carcinoid tumors: Develop from hormone-producing cells. 

  • Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): Arise from specialized cells in the digestive tract wall. 

  • Lymphomas: Cancers of the immune system that can start in the colon or rectum. 

  • Sarcomas: Originate from connective tissues like muscle layers.cancer.org 

 

Note: Regular screening and early detection are crucial, as colorectal cancer is highly treatable when found early. Individuals aged 45 and older, or those with risk factors, should consult healthcare providers about appropriate screening schedules. 

Source: American Cancer Society